What is SMS
In 1984, the Finnish Marty Makonnen proposed SMS as a service for GSM-capable mobile phones. Afte that, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) adopted SMS as an international standard. With the notable exception of Japan, a majority of countries are using SMS as a text messaging solution.
SMS is the main method of text messaging in most of the world. With the exception of Japan, most second generation mobile phones have GSM and CDMA functionality. Although GSM and CDMA have different specifications there is intercomaptibilty between their gateeways. Because carriers can exchange information freely, it is possible to send text messages by simply specifying a recipient's phone number even if the individual carriers differ.
When text messages from Japan are sent to recipients in other countries, SMS messages and not emails are sent. SMS is available in Japan as well but only between the same carriers. Messages sent to a different carrier needs to be sent as an email.
There isa slight difference between Japanese SMS and SMS in the rest of the world, therefore it is sometimes referred to as international SMS
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